Summary U.2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Summary U.2 - Essay Example The most difficult to tackle is the increased dependence on automobiles. Streets are no longer for pedestrian use (Trancik, 1986). Residents do not care to admire communal areas such as parks anymore. Another cause is the attitude brought by the Modern Movement. Elevators and technology caused high-rise buildings to discourage people to engage in a communal existence centered on the street. Also, due to zoning, buildings were constructed considering only function and ignoring human behavior. The privatization of public places does not help. Buildings are designed to attract attention without taking into account spaces around it. Due to this general disregard for the appearance of the city as a whole, minimal investments are reserved for public places (Trancik, 1986). Changes in land use endlessly produce wasted spaces such as vacated buildings, abandoned properties, and obsolete facilities. Probably the biggest dilemma causing lost spaces is the reluctance and lack of ability to control the physical structure of the city. Lost space disrupts the overall continuity of city form. These spaces are inexpensive and are centrally located giving it enormous potential for redevelopment. Redesigning of lost space will generate social benefits which impact more than just economic gain. Rules must be set taking in consideration historic patterns and the evolution of modern space. Understanding and skills have to be developed so that future constructions would better support societal

Management & Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Management & Leadership - Essay Example In reality, the productive functions and the managerial functions are closely and intricately interwoven, with the conscious or unconscious aim of coordinating human effort and material resources toward the achievement of organizational objectives. In contrast to managers, the main quality of a leader is to guide employees, predict and eliminate possible dangers, create a strategic vision of company's growth and development. Leaders should be able to access critically the situation and rely on employee strengths, be inspirational and has a good technical competence (Northouse 2006). In contrast to leaders, managers plan organizational processes according to objectives and the policies initiated by leaders. They develop programs, schedules, procedures, and methods for achieving them. Thus, planning is essentially decision making since it involves choosing among alternatives, and it also encompasses innovation. Every leader creates unique leadership style based on his personal characteristics, traditions and traits. In contrast, managers do not have a unique style of management but follow standardized rules and procedures determined by hierarchical relations and organizational structure. Their task is to measure and correct activities of subordinates to assure the accomplishment of plans.